{"id":335512,"date":"2025-02-26T13:03:12","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T11:03:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.djc.com.ua\/no-category\/a-new-exhibit-in-the-jewish-museum-is-a-soviet-passport-from-1932\/"},"modified":"2025-04-22T15:32:32","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T13:32:32","slug":"a-new-exhibit-in-the-jewish-museum-is-a-soviet-passport-from-1932","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/djc.com.ua\/en\/news\/a-new-exhibit-in-the-jewish-museum-is-a-soviet-passport-from-1932\/","title":{"rendered":"A new exhibit in the Jewish Museum is a Soviet passport from 1932"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"335512\" class=\"elementor elementor-335512 elementor-335486\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bb51d17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4bb51d17\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18cdd934 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18cdd934\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The museum&#8217;s exposition &#8220;The Memory of the Jewish People and the Holocaust in Ukraine&#8221; has been replenished with a new exhibit &#8211; a Soviet internal passport of the first type, which was introduced in December 1932.<\/p><p>This artifact is placed in the section of the exhibition dedicated to the first genocide on the Ukrainian lands of the twentieth century, the Holodomor of 1932-1933.<\/p><pre>\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0415\u0433\u043e\u0440 \u0412\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442: \u00ab<em>\u041b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043c\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e (1893\u20131930), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443 1929 \u0440. \u0432\u0456\u0440\u0448 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0457\u0437\u0434\u043e\u043a \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u044f\u043a \u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0457\u0437\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0456 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041b\u0438\u0448\u0435 27 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f 1932 \u0440., \u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0421\u0420\u0421\u0420, \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0456 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u2116 84 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0421\u0420\u0421\u0420 \u0456 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0432\u00bb. \u0412 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438. <\/em><\/pre><p><em>The reason for the introduction of a unified passport system was the intensification of urbanization processes in the country, i.e. the growth of internal migration of rural residents to cities. On the one hand, this situation was facilitated by objective economic reasons, namely the industrial modernization of the country, an increase in the number of enterprises and, as a result, the need for labor. On the other hand, the introduction of a single passport can be seen in the context of the desire to establish state control over its own citizens and a policy aimed at the final subjugation of the Ukrainian peasantry.    <\/em><\/p><p><em>According to the resolution, the official purpose of the passport system was to &#8220;better account for the population of cities, workers&#8217; settlements and newly built buildings and to relieve these places of persons not connected with production and work in institutions or schools&#8230;as well as to cleanse these places of kulaks, criminals and other anti-social elements hiding&#8230;&#8221;.<\/em><\/p><p><em>The resolution approved the &#8220;Regulations on Passports,&#8221; which in turn outlined the list of categories of citizens who were required to have passports. First of all, the passport privilege was granted to residents of cities, workers&#8217; settlements, transport workers, state farms and new buildings who had reached the age of 16. Initially, passports were issued for a period of 3 years. The document contained not only the usual personal information (date and place of birth, place of registration, marital status), but also information about nationality, social origin, place of work, and military registration.   <\/em><\/p><p><em>At the same time, administrative and criminal liability was introduced for persons who would be in cities and other settlements with a mandatory passport regime without a passport and appropriate registration.  <\/em><\/p><p><em>The bureaucratic formulations deliberately left out the multimillion peasant sea, the people who in the early 1930s made up the majority of citizens of the &#8220;workers&#8217; and peasants&#8217; state.&#8221; It is noteworthy that the Soviet government began to introduce the passport system in the midst of the endless grain procurement campaign of 1932-1933. In the context of the artificial famine that swept through the vast majority of the regions of the Ukrainian SSR, almost the only hope for salvation was to escape from collective farms and seek a better life in the cities. There was also a shortage of food, but there were at least vague chances of survival. There were also children&#8217;s homes and orphanages in the cities that, despite the difficult circumstances, could save the lives of peasant children whose parents left them at the doorsteps of Soviet institutions.     <\/em><\/p><p><em>Together with other repressive measures (the practice of &#8220;Black Boards&#8221; and others), Soviet passportization turned into one of the instruments of genocide, the victims of which, according to the lowest estimates, were about 4 million people. The instrument was international in nature, as it restricted the right to freedom of movement, which in those circumstances often meant the right to life, regardless of the ethnicity or religion of the peasant. <\/em><\/p><p><em>The absence of a small book with a grayish and later greenish cover firmly tied peasants to the land, the fruits of which were taken away by the state; it limited social prospects and doomed them to a beggarly existence and death. Passport discrimination against the rural population in various forms would continue for more than four decades. After all, the village and its people in the USSR were long perceived as an inexhaustible reserve for socioeconomic and social experiments. It was only in 1974 that Ukrainian peasants were able to obtain the cherished document for the first time on a general basis, like other citizens of the country    <\/em>&#8220;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50d724a3 page-custom-slider e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"50d724a3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25a8197d elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"25a8197d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" 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tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M696 533C708 521 713 504 713 487 713 471 708 454 696 446L400 146C388 133 375 125 354 125 338 125 325 129 313 142 300 154 292 171 292 187 292 204 296 221 308 233L563 492 304 771C292 783 288 800 288 817 288 833 296 850 308 863 321 871 338 875 354 875 371 875 388 867 400 854L696 533Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The museum&#8217;s exposition &#8220;The Memory of the Jewish People and the Holocaust in Ukraine&#8221; has been replenished with a new exhibit &#8211; a Soviet internal passport of the first type, which was introduced in December 1932. This artifact is placed in the section of the exhibition dedicated to the first genocide on the Ukrainian lands <a href=\"https:\/\/djc.com.ua\/en\/news\/a-new-exhibit-in-the-jewish-museum-is-a-soviet-passport-from-1932\/\" class=\"more-link\">&#8230;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  A new exhibit in the Jewish Museum is a Soviet passport from 1932<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":335488,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-335512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A new exhibit in the Jewish Museum is a Soviet passport from 1932 - DJC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/djc.com.ua\/en\/news\/a-new-exhibit-in-the-jewish-museum-is-a-soviet-passport-from-1932\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A new exhibit in the Jewish Museum is a Soviet passport from 1932 - DJC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The museum&#8217;s exposition &#8220;The Memory of the Jewish People and the Holocaust in Ukraine&#8221; has been replenished with a new exhibit &#8211; a Soviet internal passport of the first type, which was introduced in December 1932. This artifact is placed in the section of the exhibition dedicated to the first genocide on the Ukrainian lands ... 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